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From: ERCOT Client Relations <[log in to unmask]>
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Date: Thu, 13 Nov 2008 17:35:40 -0600
Subject: M-D111308-01 Protocol Interpretation Request on Reactive Power
Capability Requirements
Thread-Topic: M-D111308-01 Protocol Interpretation Request on Reactive Power
Capability Requirements
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NOTICE DATE: November 13, 2008
NOTICE TYPE: M-D111308-01 Legal
SHORT DESCRIPTION: Protocol Interpretation Request on Reactive Power Capab=
ility Requirements
INTENDED AUDIENCE: All ERCOT Market Participants
LONG DESCRIPTION: An Entity has submitted to ERCOT a Protocol Clarificatio=
n/Interpretation Request (PIR) regarding subsection (2) in Protocol Section=
6.5.7.1, Generation Resources Required to Provide VSS Installed Reactive C=
apability, and subsection (5) in Protocol Section 6.7.6, Deployment of Volt=
age Support Service. Specifically, the PIR seeks clarification on issues s=
urrounding Reactive Power capability requirements.
ERCOT provides the following guidance to the questions submitted by the Ent=
ity.
1. Clarify if the power factor capability of +/- 0.95 is required at a=
ll levels of generation.
Yes. Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) sets the Reactive Power capability requir=
ement for all Generation Resources that provide Voltage Support Service (VS=
S). The section states that a Generation Resource is required to have and =
maintain an Unit Reactive Limit (URL) with a power factor capability of +/-=
0.95, determined at its net max output to the transmission system, and tha=
t this capability must be maintained - no exceptions are provided.
2. Clarify the minimum reactive capability requirements at lower level=
s of generation and exactly how this is calculated.
There is no minimum Reactive Power capability requirement. The Reactive Po=
wer requirement is set forth in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1, Generation Resour=
ces Required to Provide VSS Installed Reactive Capability. Specifically, s=
ubsection (2) states:
Generation Resources required to provide VSS except as noted below in items=
(3) or (4), shall have and maintain a URL which has an over-excited (laggi=
ng) power factor capability of ninety-five hundredths (0.95) or less and an=
under-excited (leading) power factor capability of ninety-five hundredths =
(0.95) or less, both determined at the generating unit's maximum net power =
to be supplied to the transmission grid and at the transmission system Volt=
age Profile established by ERCOT, and both measured at the point of interco=
nnection to the TDSP.
As described in the response to Question 1, Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) sta=
tes that a Generation Resource must provide the MVAR requirement (+/- 0.95 =
power factor) calculated at the maximum net output to the ERCOT Transmissio=
n Grid, and that level must be available at all MW output levels.
ERCOT, or TSPs designated by ERCOT, have the right to instruct Generation R=
esources to make adjustments for voltage support within the URL capacity li=
mits. However, dispatching a Generation Resource within a URL range is the=
right of the system operator, and is unrelated to, and does not affect a G=
eneration Resource's obligation to maintain a power factor capability of +/=
- 0.95 when dispatched by ERCOT or TSPs.
Protocol Section 6.7.6(5) confirms the power factor capability requirement =
in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2). Specifically, the first sentence reads:
At all times a Generation Resource unit required to provide VSS is On-Line,=
the URL must be available for utilization at the generating unit's continu=
ous rated active power output, and Reactive Power up to the unit's operatin=
g capability must be available for utilization at lower active power output=
levels.
Therefore, under this Protocol as well, the power factor capability require=
ment does not decrease with decreasing generation output. A Generation Res=
ource must be able to maintain the MVAR capability requirement as described=
in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) even with decreasing power output.
The second sentence in Protocol Section 6.7.6(5) states:
In no event shall the Reactive Power available be less than the required in=
stalled reactive capability multiplied by the ratio of the lower active pow=
er output to the generating unit's continuous rated active power output, an=
d any Reactive Power available for utilization must be fully deployed to su=
pport system voltage upon request by ERCOT, or a TSP.
This sentence does not conflict with the power factor capability requiremen=
t in the first sentence or Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) by establishing a mi=
nimum reactive capability requirement. In fact, as described above, the re=
quirement in 6.5.7.1(2) is confirmed in the first sentence of this section.=
The language in the second sentence of this section merely accounts for s=
ituations in which a Generation Resource encounters equipment-related issue=
s or other unforeseen circumstances that may cause the Reactive Power capab=
ility to be less than the requirement in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2). If t=
he Reactive Power is less than the calculation described in the second sent=
ence, then the Generation Resource's ability to support system voltage may =
jeopardize the reliability of the ERCOT Transmission Grid.
3. Clarify the definitions for "generating unit's maximum net power" a=
s indicated in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) and "the generating unit's conti=
nuous rated active power output" as indicated in Protocol Section 6.7.6(5).
Both references above refer to the Net High Capability Limit provided by th=
e Generation Resource to ERCOT through resource registration. Net High Cap=
ability Limit is the net high MW generation output based on the rating of p=
lant equipment minus plant Load.
CONTACT: If you have any questions, please contact your ERCOT Account Mana=
ger. You may also call the general ERCOT Client Services phone number at (5=
12) 248-3900 or contact ERCOT Client Services via e-mail at ClientRelations=
@ercot.com<mailto:[log in to unmask]>.
If you are receiving e-mail from an ERCOT distribution list that you no lon=
ger wish to receive, please follow this link in order to unsubscribe from t=
his list: http://lists.ercot.com<http://lists.ercot.com/>.
sg
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<div class=3D"Section1">
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span class=3D"StyleBold"><b><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">NOTICE DATE:</span></font></b><=
/span> November 13, 2008
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span class=3D"StyleBold"><b><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">NOTICE TYPE:</span></font></b><=
/span> M-D111308-01 Legal
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span class=3D"StyleBold"><b><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">SHORT DESCRIPTION:</span></font=
></b></span> Protocol Interpretation Request on Reactive Power Capabi=
lity Requirements<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span class=3D"StyleBold"><b><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">INTENDED AUDIENCE:</span></font=
></b></span> All ERCOT Market Participants<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tex=
t-align:
justify">
<span class=3D"StyleBold"><b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D=
"font-size:12.0pt">LONG DESCRIPTION:</span></font></b></span> An Enti=
ty has submitted to ERCOT a Protocol Clarification/Interpretation Request (=
PIR) regarding subsection (2) in Protocol Section
6.5.7.1, Generation Resources Required to Provide VSS Installed Reactive C=
apability, and subsection (5) in Protocol Section 6.7.6, Deployment of Volt=
age Support Service. Specifically, the PIR seeks clarification on iss=
ues surrounding Reactive Power capability
requirements.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;tex=
t-align:
justify">
<font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt"> <o:=
p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">ERCOT provides the following gu=
idance to the questions submitted by the Entity.<o:p></o:p></span></font></=
p>
<ol style=3D"margin-top:0in" start=3D"1" type=3D"1">
<li class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;te=
xt-align:
justify;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-wei=
ght:bold">Clarify if the power factor capability of +/- 0.95 is require=
d at all levels of generation.<o:p></o:p></span></font></b>
</li></ol>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;mar=
gin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:.25in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify">
<b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-wei=
ght:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">Yes. Protocol Section 6.5=
.7.1(2) sets the Reactive Power capability requirement for all Generation R=
esources that provide Voltage Support Service (VSS).
The section states that a Generation Resource is required to have and main=
tain an Unit Reactive Limit (URL) with a power factor capability of +/-=
0.95, determined at its net max output to the transmission system, and tha=
t this capability must be maintained
– no exceptions are provided. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<ol style=3D"margin-top:0in" start=3D"2" type=3D"1">
<li class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;te=
xt-align:
justify;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-wei=
ght:bold">Clarify the minimum reactive capability requirements at lower lev=
els of generation and exactly how this is calculated.<o:p></o:p></span></fo=
nt></b>
</li></ol>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;mar=
gin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:.25in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify">
<b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-wei=
ght:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">There is no minimum Reactive Po=
wer capability requirement. The Reactive Power requirement is set for=
th in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1,
<i><span style=3D"font-style:italic">Generation Resources Required to Provi=
de VSS Installed Reactive Capability</span></i>. Specifically, subsec=
tion (2) states:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:.5in;ma=
rgin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify">
<font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">Generation=
Resources required to provide VSS except as noted below in items (3) or (4=
),
<b><u><span style=3D"font-weight:bold">shall have and maintain a URL which =
has an over-excited (lagging) power factor capability of ninety-five hundre=
dths (0.95) or less and an under-excited (leading) power factor capability =
of ninety-five hundredths (0.95) or
less</span></u></b>, both determined at the generating unit’s maximu=
m net power to be supplied to the transmission grid and at the transmission=
system Voltage Profile established by ERCOT, and both measured at the poin=
t of interconnection to the TDSP.
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">As described in the response to=
Question 1, Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) states that a Generation Resource =
must provide the MVAR requirement (+/- 0.95
power factor) calculated at the maximum net output to the ERCOT Transmissi=
on Grid, and that level must be available at all MW output levels.
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">ERCOT, or TSPs designated by ER=
COT, have the right to instruct Generation Resources to make adjustments fo=
r voltage support within the URL capacity limits.
However, dispatching a Generation Resource within a URL range is the right=
of the system operator, and is unrelated to, and does not affect a Generat=
ion Resource’s obligation to maintain a power factor capability of &#=
43;/- 0.95 when dispatched by ERCOT or TSPs.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">Protocol Section 6.7.6(5) confi=
rms the power factor capability requirement in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2).=
Specifically, the first sentence reads:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:.5in;ma=
rgin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify">
<font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">At all tim=
es a Generation Resource unit required to provide VSS is On-Line, the URL m=
ust be available for utilization at the generating unit’s continuous =
rated active power output, and
<b><u><span style=3D"font-weight:bold">Reactive Power up to the unit’=
s operating capability must be available for utilization at lower active po=
wer output levels</span></u></b>.
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">Therefore, under this Protocol =
as well, the power factor capability requirement does
<b><u><span style=3D"font-weight:bold">not</span></u></b> decrease with dec=
reasing generation output. A Generation Resource must be able to main=
tain the MVAR capability requirement as described in Protocol Section 6.5.7=
.1(2) even with decreasing power output.
<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">The second sentence in Protocol=
Section 6.7.6(5) states:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:.5in;ma=
rgin-bottom:
12.0pt;margin-left:.5in;text-align:justify">
<font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">In no even=
t shall the Reactive Power available be less than the required installed re=
active capability multiplied by the ratio of the lower active power output =
to the generating unit’s continuous rated
active power output, and any Reactive Power available for utilization must=
be fully deployed to support system voltage upon request by ERCOT, or a TS=
P.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">This sentence does not conflict=
with the power factor capability requirement in the first sentence or Prot=
ocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) by establishing a minimum
reactive capability requirement. In fact, as described above, the re=
quirement in 6.5.7.1(2) is confirmed in the first sentence of this section.=
The language in the second sentence of this section merely accounts =
for situations in which a Generation Resource
encounters equipment-related issues or other unforeseen circumstances that=
may cause the Reactive Power capability to be less than the requirement in=
Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2). If the Reactive Power is less than the =
calculation described in the second sentence,
then the Generation Resource’s ability to support system voltage may=
jeopardize the reliability of the ERCOT Transmission Grid.<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></font></p>
<ol style=3D"margin-top:0in" start=3D"3" type=3D"1">
<li class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-bottom:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;te=
xt-align:
justify;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo1">
<b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-wei=
ght:bold">Clarify the definitions for “generating unit’s maximu=
m net power” as indicated in Protocol Section 6.5.7.1(2) and “t=
he generating unit’s continuous rated active power output” as
indicated in Protocol Section 6.7.6(5).<o:p></o:p></span></font></b> </li>=
</ol>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;mar=
gin-bottom:
0in;margin-left:.25in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;text-align:justify">
<b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt;font-wei=
ght:bold"><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><font size=3D"3" face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">Both references above refer to =
the Net High Capability Limit provided by the Generation Resource to ERCOT =
through resource registration. Net High Capability
Limit is the net high MW generation output based on the rating of plant eq=
uipment minus plant Load.<span class=3D"StyleBold"><b><font face=3D"Arial">=
<span style=3D"font-weight:normal"><o:p></o:p></span></font></b></span></sp=
an></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><span class=3D"StyleBol=
d"><b><font size=3D"3" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:12.0pt">CONT=
ACT:</span></font></b></span> If you have any questions, please conta=
ct your ERCOT Account Manager. You may also call
the general ERCOT Client Services phone number at (512) 248-3900 or contac=
t ERCOT Client Services via e-mail at
<a href=3D"mailto:[log in to unmask]">[log in to unmask]</a>.=
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"text-align:justify"><span class=3D"StyleBol=
d"><b><font size=3D"2" face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size:10.0pt">If y=
ou are receiving e-mail from an ERCOT distribution list that you no longer =
wish to receive, please follow this link in
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